There may be some restrictions in the kind of work some are comfortable doing, she said. With loading beverage carts, "they may not be comfortable touching liquor," Arcot said. "Knowing the culture and recognizing what in that culture works and where you can assign them work is important."
In Atlanta, Arcot said Jalali is a key part of that strategy as a "high-touch recruiter."
Jalali said with some recruits, they may not speak English, have never used a computer and don't have an email address. He completes applications for them and helps them set up an email address.
"You're making these commitments and investments for the long term," Arcot said.
The long-term goal is for the workers to advance to different jobs, use their language skills and help with "appealing to a multicultural customer passenger base, which will always be the topography of large international airports," she said.
Hogai Nassery, CEO of the Afghan American Alliance of Georgia, said upward mobility is important.
"We have some folks who are pretty well educated and speak pretty good English," Nassery said. "The jobs themselves are great-people need to land on their feet."
She also said, "Whatever they're doing now, I hope it's geared towards jobs that definitely have some legs."
Jobs at the airport, such as with Unifi, are seen as better than work in warehouses, chicken factories and manufacturing plants, said Shaista Amani, program manager at the Afghan American Alliance of Georgia. But she added that workers also need a way to move up, by gaining certified skills such as ServSafe certification for food handling.
But it is difficult for even well-educated Afghan refugees to find professional jobs if they don't have U.S. job experience or personal connections, she said.
Jalali also said he knows some workers who are highly educated and, like when he first arrived, are starting out all over again.
"We have doctors.... We have a minister," Jalali said.
"It's up to you how you want to build your future."